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Qwen 3 0.6B - llamafile

Mozilla packaged the Qwen 3 models into executable weights that we call llamafiles. This gives you the easiest fastest way to use the model on Linux, MacOS, Windows, FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD systems you control on both AMD64 and ARM64.

Software Last Updated: 2025-05-14

Llamafile Version: 0.9.3

Quickstart

To get started, you need both the Qwen 3 weights, and the llamafile software. Both of them are included in a single file, which can be downloaded and run as follows:

wget https://huggingface.co/Mozilla/Qwen3-0.6B-llamafile/resolve/main/Qwen_Qwen3-0.6B-Q4_K_M.llamafile
chmod +x Qwen_Qwen3-0.6B-Q4_K_M.llamafile
./Qwen_Qwen3-0.6B-Q4_K_M.llamafile

The default mode of operation for these llamafiles is our new command line chatbot interface.

Usage

You can use triple quotes to ask questions on multiple lines. You can pass commands like /stats and /context to see runtime status information. You can change the system prompt by passing the -p "new system prompt" flag. You can press CTRL-C to interrupt the model. Finally CTRL-D may be used to exit.

If you prefer to use a web GUI, then a --server mode is provided, that will open a tab with a chatbot and completion interface in your browser. For additional help on how it may be used, pass the --help flag. The server also has an OpenAI API compatible completions endpoint that can be accessed via Python using the openai pip package.

./Qwen_Qwen3-0.6B-Q4_K_M.llamafile --server

An advanced CLI mode is provided that's useful for shell scripting. You can use it by passing the --cli flag. For additional help on how it may be used, pass the --help flag.

./Qwen_Qwen3-0.6B-Q4_K_M.llamafile --cli -p 'four score and seven' --log-disable

Troubleshooting

Having trouble? See the "Gotchas" section of the README.

On Linux, the way to avoid run-detector errors is to install the APE interpreter.

sudo wget -O /usr/bin/ape https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ape-$(uname -m).elf
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/ape
sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
sudo sh -c "echo ':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"

On Windows there's a 4GB limit on executable sizes.

Context Window

This model has a max context window size of 128k tokens. By default, a context window size of 8192 tokens is used. You can ask llamafile to use the maximum context size by passing the -c 0 flag. That's big enough for a small book. If you want to be able to have a conversation with your book, you can use the -f book.txt flag.

GPU Acceleration

On GPUs with sufficient RAM, the -ngl 999 flag may be passed to use the system's NVIDIA or AMD GPU(s). On Windows, only the graphics card driver needs to be installed if you own an NVIDIA GPU. On Windows, if you have an AMD GPU, you should install the ROCm SDK v6.1 and then pass the flags --recompile --gpu amd the first time you run your llamafile.

On NVIDIA GPUs, by default, the prebuilt tinyBLAS library is used to perform matrix multiplications. This is open source software, but it doesn't go as fast as closed source cuBLAS. If you have the CUDA SDK installed on your system, then you can pass the --recompile flag to build a GGML CUDA library just for your system that uses cuBLAS. This ensures you get maximum performance.

For further information, please see the llamafile README.

About llamafile

llamafile is a new format introduced by Mozilla on Nov 20th 2023. It uses Cosmopolitan Libc to turn LLM weights into runnable llama.cpp binaries that run on the stock installs of six OSes for both ARM64 and AMD64.

Qwen3-0.6B

Qwen3 Highlights

Qwen3 is the latest generation of large language models in Qwen series, offering a comprehensive suite of dense and mixture-of-experts (MoE) models. Built upon extensive training, Qwen3 delivers groundbreaking advancements in reasoning, instruction-following, agent capabilities, and multilingual support, with the following key features:

  • Uniquely support of seamless switching between thinking mode (for complex logical reasoning, math, and coding) and non-thinking mode (for efficient, general-purpose dialogue) within single model, ensuring optimal performance across various scenarios.
  • Significantly enhancement in its reasoning capabilities, surpassing previous QwQ (in thinking mode) and Qwen2.5 instruct models (in non-thinking mode) on mathematics, code generation, and commonsense logical reasoning.
  • Superior human preference alignment, excelling in creative writing, role-playing, multi-turn dialogues, and instruction following, to deliver a more natural, engaging, and immersive conversational experience.
  • Expertise in agent capabilities, enabling precise integration with external tools in both thinking and unthinking modes and achieving leading performance among open-source models in complex agent-based tasks.
  • Support of 100+ languages and dialects with strong capabilities for multilingual instruction following and translation.

Model Overview

Qwen3-0.6B has the following features:

  • Type: Causal Language Models
  • Training Stage: Pretraining & Post-training
  • Number of Parameters: 0.6B
  • Number of Paramaters (Non-Embedding): 0.44B
  • Number of Layers: 28
  • Number of Attention Heads (GQA): 16 for Q and 8 for KV
  • Context Length: 32,768

For more details, including benchmark evaluation, hardware requirements, and inference performance, please refer to our blog, GitHub, and Documentation.

If you encounter significant endless repetitions, please refer to the Best Practices section for optimal sampling parameters, and set the presence_penalty to 1.5.

Quickstart

The code of Qwen3 has been in the latest Hugging Face transformers and we advise you to use the latest version of transformers.

With transformers<4.51.0, you will encounter the following error:

KeyError: 'qwen3'

The following contains a code snippet illustrating how to use the model generate content based on given inputs. 

from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model_name = "Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B"

# load the tokenizer and the model
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    torch_dtype="auto",
    device_map="auto"
)

# prepare the model input
prompt = "Give me a short introduction to large language model."
messages = [
    {"role": "user", "content": prompt}
]
text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
    enable_thinking=True # Switches between thinking and non-thinking modes. Default is True.
)
model_inputs = tokenizer([text], return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

# conduct text completion
generated_ids = model.generate(
    **model_inputs,
    max_new_tokens=32768
)
output_ids = generated_ids[0][len(model_inputs.input_ids[0]):].tolist() 

# parsing thinking content
try:
    # rindex finding 151668 (</think>)
    index = len(output_ids) - output_ids[::-1].index(151668)
except ValueError:
    index = 0

thinking_content = tokenizer.decode(output_ids[:index], skip_special_tokens=True).strip("\n")
content = tokenizer.decode(output_ids[index:], skip_special_tokens=True).strip("\n")

print("thinking content:", thinking_content)
print("content:", content)

For deployment, you can use sglang>=0.4.6.post1 or vllm>=0.8.5 or to create an OpenAI-compatible API endpoint:

  • SGLang:
    python -m sglang.launch_server --model-path Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B --reasoning-parser qwen3
  • vLLM:
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B --enable-reasoning --reasoning-parser deepseek_r1

For local use, applications such as Ollama, LMStudio, MLX-LM, llama.cpp, and KTransformers have also supported Qwen3.

Switching Between Thinking and Non-Thinking Mode

The enable_thinking switch is also available in APIs created by SGLang and vLLM. Please refer to our documentation for SGLang and vLLM users.

enable_thinking=True

By default, Qwen3 has thinking capabilities enabled, similar to QwQ-32B. This means the model will use its reasoning abilities to enhance the quality of generated responses. For example, when explicitly setting enable_thinking=True or leaving it as the default value in tokenizer.apply_chat_template, the model will engage its thinking mode.

text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
    enable_thinking=True  # True is the default value for enable_thinking
)

In this mode, the model will generate think content wrapped in a <think>...</think> block, followed by the final response.

For thinking mode, use Temperature=0.6, TopP=0.95, TopK=20, and MinP=0 (the default setting in generation_config.json). DO NOT use greedy decoding, as it can lead to performance degradation and endless repetitions. For more detailed guidance, please refer to the Best Practices section.

enable_thinking=False

We provide a hard switch to strictly disable the model's thinking behavior, aligning its functionality with the previous Qwen2.5-Instruct models. This mode is particularly useful in scenarios where disabling thinking is essential for enhancing efficiency.

text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
    enable_thinking=False  # Setting enable_thinking=False disables thinking mode
)

In this mode, the model will not generate any think content and will not include a <think>...</think> block.

For non-thinking mode, we suggest using Temperature=0.7, TopP=0.8, TopK=20, and MinP=0. For more detailed guidance, please refer to the Best Practices section.

Advanced Usage: Switching Between Thinking and Non-Thinking Modes via User Input

We provide a soft switch mechanism that allows users to dynamically control the model's behavior when enable_thinking=True. Specifically, you can add /think and /no_think to user prompts or system messages to switch the model's thinking mode from turn to turn. The model will follow the most recent instruction in multi-turn conversations.

Here is an example of a multi-turn conversation:

from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

class QwenChatbot:
    def __init__(self, model_name="Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B"):
        self.tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
        self.model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
        self.history = []

    def generate_response(self, user_input):
        messages = self.history + [{"role": "user", "content": user_input}]

        text = self.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
            messages,
            tokenize=False,
            add_generation_prompt=True
        )

        inputs = self.tokenizer(text, return_tensors="pt")
        response_ids = self.model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=32768)[0][len(inputs.input_ids[0]):].tolist()
        response = self.tokenizer.decode(response_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)

        # Update history
        self.history.append({"role": "user", "content": user_input})
        self.history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response})

        return response

# Example Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    chatbot = QwenChatbot()

    # First input (without /think or /no_think tags, thinking mode is enabled by default)
    user_input_1 = "How many r's in strawberries?"
    print(f"User: {user_input_1}")
    response_1 = chatbot.generate_response(user_input_1)
    print(f"Bot: {response_1}")
    print("----------------------")

    # Second input with /no_think
    user_input_2 = "Then, how many r's in blueberries? /no_think"
    print(f"User: {user_input_2}")
    response_2 = chatbot.generate_response(user_input_2)
    print(f"Bot: {response_2}") 
    print("----------------------")

    # Third input with /think
    user_input_3 = "Really? /think"
    print(f"User: {user_input_3}")
    response_3 = chatbot.generate_response(user_input_3)
    print(f"Bot: {response_3}")

For API compatibility, when enable_thinking=True, regardless of whether the user uses /think or /no_think, the model will always output a block wrapped in <think>...</think>. However, the content inside this block may be empty if thinking is disabled. When enable_thinking=False, the soft switches are not valid. Regardless of any /think or /no_think tags input by the user, the model will not generate think content and will not include a <think>...</think> block.

Agentic Use

Qwen3 excels in tool calling capabilities. We recommend using Qwen-Agent to make the best use of agentic ability of Qwen3. Qwen-Agent encapsulates tool-calling templates and tool-calling parsers internally, greatly reducing coding complexity.

To define the available tools, you can use the MCP configuration file, use the integrated tool of Qwen-Agent, or integrate other tools by yourself.

from qwen_agent.agents import Assistant

# Define LLM
llm_cfg = {
    'model': 'Qwen3-0.6B',

    # Use the endpoint provided by Alibaba Model Studio:
    # 'model_type': 'qwen_dashscope',
    # 'api_key': os.getenv('DASHSCOPE_API_KEY'),

    # Use a custom endpoint compatible with OpenAI API:
    'model_server': 'http://localhost:8000/v1',  # api_base
    'api_key': 'EMPTY',

    # Other parameters:
    # 'generate_cfg': {
    #         # Add: When the response content is `<think>this is the thought</think>this is the answer;
    #         # Do not add: When the response has been separated by reasoning_content and content.
    #         'thought_in_content': True,
    #     },
}

# Define Tools
tools = [
    {'mcpServers': {  # You can specify the MCP configuration file
            'time': {
                'command': 'uvx',
                'args': ['mcp-server-time', '--local-timezone=Asia/Shanghai']
            },
            "fetch": {
                "command": "uvx",
                "args": ["mcp-server-fetch"]
            }
        }
    },
  'code_interpreter',  # Built-in tools
]

# Define Agent
bot = Assistant(llm=llm_cfg, function_list=tools)

# Streaming generation
messages = [{'role': 'user', 'content': 'https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/ Introduce the latest developments of Qwen'}]
for responses in bot.run(messages=messages):
    pass
print(responses)

Best Practices

To achieve optimal performance, we recommend the following settings:

  1. Sampling Parameters:

    • For thinking mode (enable_thinking=True), use Temperature=0.6, TopP=0.95, TopK=20, and MinP=0. DO NOT use greedy decoding, as it can lead to performance degradation and endless repetitions.
    • For non-thinking mode (enable_thinking=False), we suggest using Temperature=0.7, TopP=0.8, TopK=20, and MinP=0.
    • For supported frameworks, you can adjust the presence_penalty parameter between 0 and 2 to reduce endless repetitions. However, using a higher value may occasionally result in language mixing and a slight decrease in model performance.

  2. Adequate Output Length: We recommend using an output length of 32,768 tokens for most queries. For benchmarking on highly complex problems, such as those found in math and programming competitions, we suggest setting the max output length to 38,912 tokens. This provides the model with sufficient space to generate detailed and comprehensive responses, thereby enhancing its overall performance.

  3. Standardize Output Format: We recommend using prompts to standardize model outputs when benchmarking.

    • Math Problems: Include "Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \boxed{}." in the prompt.
    • Multiple-Choice Questions: Add the following JSON structure to the prompt to standardize responses: "Please show your choice in the answer field with only the choice letter, e.g., "answer": "C"."

  4. No Thinking Content in History: In multi-turn conversations, the historical model output should only include the final output part and does not need to include the thinking content. It is implemented in the provided chat template in Jinja2. However, for frameworks that do not directly use the Jinja2 chat template, it is up to the developers to ensure that the best practice is followed.

Citation

If you find our work helpful, feel free to give us a cite.

@misc{qwen3,
    title  = {Qwen3},
    url    = {https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/qwen3/},
    author = {Qwen Team},
    month  = {April},
    year   = {2025}
}
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